Reencuadrando el Estado de derecho: La dialéctica entre voluntas y ratio en el pensamiento de Kaarlo Tuori
Este artículo examina de manera crítica y contextual el pensamiento de Kaarlo Tuori, tal como se expresa en Ratio and Voluntas: The Tension Between Reason and Will in Law, poniendo especial énfasis en cómo la tensión entre la racionalidad jurídica (ratio) y la voluntad política (voluntas) configura los fundamentos conceptuales del Estado de derecho moderno. A través de un enfoque interpretativo de la estructura constitucional, la doctrina del Estado de derecho y una crítica al positivismo jurídico, se argumenta que el Estado de derecho no está exento de paradojas internas. Por el contrario, su continuidad y legitimidad dependen de la manera en que logra equilibrar la flexibilidad política con los límites racionales incorporados en la práctica jurídica y la cultura constitucional. El autor elabora una distinción entre el modelo deductivo del derecho continental y el enfoque inductivo de la tradición common law, al tiempo que destaca el dilema del “totalitarismo a través del derecho”, debatido en las obras de Hayek, Dworkin y Allan. Al situar la ratio y la voluntas como ejes para una lectura crítica, el artículo busca abrir un nuevo espacio de reflexión sobre las dinámicas del pensamiento constitucional contemporáneo en medio de las exigencias de la democracia y la supremacía del derecho.
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